2022年11月1日（水）論文が公開されました．
Karina A. SUJATMIKO, Yoshihiro OKUMURA and Jo OHTANI, Estimating Impact of the Reality-of-Evacuation-Start (RES) Sources in Indonesia, J.JSCE, Ser.B2, Coastal engineering, Vol. 78, No. 2, I_307-I_312, doi: https://doi.org/10.2208/kaigan.78.2_I_307, 2022.
Abstract
When tsunamis occur, rapid self-evacuation is encouraged to evade the danger. People are expected to immediately decide without prompting from authorities. Past tsunami events have demonstrated that residents intuitively start an evacuation because of a “must escape” atmosphere. This study refers to this situation as a reality-of-evacuation-start (RES). Information regarding natural and social cues that initiate the evacuation (namely RES sources) are valuable for establishing a disaster risk reduction strategy. This paper proposes a method for estimating the impact of various RES sources through a combination of questionnaires, video analysis, and numerical simulation. The analysis from a case study of the 2018 Palu tsunami reveals that 28% of residents immediately evacuated after feeling ground motion. Before tsunami arrive to their location, 67% of resident already start to evacuate. Analysis from video at Palu commercial building shows 37% people exposed by shouting people and 16% hearing clear instruction to evacuate. The impact of social cues in Indonesia differed from that in the 2011 tsunami in Ishinomaki, Japan. Specifically, in Palu, seeing other people evacuate had more impact in urging people to start evacuating than hearing people calling for an evacuation. This indicates that the disaster risk reduction strategy should not be generic among countries. Instead, educational material for tsunami training and drills must be attentive to adapt to the local characteristics.